| Anti-Epstein-Barr-Virus-IgG,
-IgM-Immunoblots Here you see an Anti-EBV-IgG-Blot scanned with the AID-BlotScanning System
EBV (IgG / IgM) Cut off: Standard settings:
Freely adjustable as required. Antigen: Purified complete EBV antigen. The following bands are characterized:
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| Membran Antigen (MA) At the moment it is unknown which role the membrane antibodies play in the diagnosis of EBV. |
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| Viruscapsid-structutral antigen
(VCA) VCA-IgG is the classic marker of seropositivity. These antibodies usually persist lifelong. VCA-IgM is the classic marker of a fresh infection, and is seldom seen in cases of reactivation. Several VCA bands can be detected in the immunoblot. Even if only one band is marked, this is sufficient to be considered VCA positive. Early antigen diffuse (EA-D), early antigen restricted (EA-R) EA-IgG occur in fresh infections as well as in cases of reactivation. |
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| EA Antigene The detection of one EA-band is sufficient to assess the patient EA-positive. EA-positive usually points to an active infection, whether VCA antibodies can be detected or not. In cases of reactivation, an EBNA-1 band and at least one VCA band will be observed together with an EA band. EA antibodies can occasionally persist longer. But these patients are usually EA-IgM negative and can therefore be distinguished from reactivations. |
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| EBV-specific nuclear antigen (EBNA) This antigen complex contains at least six different proteins, two of which, the EBNA-1 und EBNA-2, are well described in literature. The antibodies (IgG) against EBNA-1 are not produced until several weeks after the original infection. Therefore, the detection of an EBNA-1 band practically rules out a primary infection. On the other hand, the majority of the patients have antibodies against EBNA-2 even at an early stage of infection. The clinical significance of the EBNAs for the IgM or IgA response is not known at the moment. Further EBNA bands from the protein complex are shown on the immunoblot, these may be marked. Their clinical relevance is not yet known. |
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| Comments: Isolated weak VCA bands of the IgG type are usually the remaining titres of a previous infection. A strongly positive EA-D reaction can lead to a reaction zone as wide as 1 cm. A nonspecific band lies close to EA-D on the IgM blot. |
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| Interpretation: Primary infection VCA-IgM/ IgA positive Early stage of infection usually 1 to 3 weeks after start of infection. VCA-IgG positive Early stage of infection. Isolated appearance could be persistant remaining titres (see comments). EA-D-IgG positive 3 – 6 weeks after start of infection EA-R IgG positive 3rd – 6th month of infection EBNA-2 IgG positive 6th – 12th month of infection EBNA-1 IgG positive If this band is stronger than the EBNA-2, it points to a late stage (2 years after start of infection). chronic active EBV infection: VCA IgA positive EA-D IgA in some cases positive malign tumors: VCA IgG very strongly positive EA-D and EA-R positive |
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